Identities revealed: female of Anastrepha cruzi Lima, 1934 and Anastrepha caballeroi Norrbom, 2015 (Diptera, Tephritidae) found in the Brazilian Amazon Rainforest.

Anastrepha cruzi was described in 1934, from a specimen without an abdomen. The holotype is the only known record for this species, collected in the Brazilian Amazon Rainforest (location unknown). However, during fruit fly surveys with McPhail-type traps on the campus of the Federal University of Amazonas in Manaus (state of Amazonas), two females were identified as A. cruzi, based on thoracic and wing patterns. These females are described in detail here, including the aculeus tip, to clarify the identity and facilitate recognition of A. cruzi. A single female of A. caballeroi Norrbom was also collected in these surveys, and this species is recorded here for the first time in Brazil.