Early human development · 2025
Effect of muscle mass on neuropsychomotor development in newborns: A comparative analysis between preterm and full-term infants.
СтатьяСравнительное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Dos Santos Camargo Carolina Cristina, Anjos Débora Nunes Prata, de Carvalho Etiene Farah Teixeira, Suda Eneida Yuri, de Freitas Dantas Gomes Evelim Leal
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Premature birth leads to structural and functional remodeling of multiple systems during a critical developmental period. There is an inversely proportional relationship between gestational age and the risk of neurodevelopmental impairment, as well as cardiovascular, metabolic, and respiratory diseases. Premature newborns exhibit delayed postnatal growth in the initial weeks of extrauterine life. Recent studies have shown that a period of rapid growth can significantly impact long-term health, with the disproportionate growth of lean mass being a contributing factor.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to correlate and assess the effect of skeletal muscle size and quality on motor performance in preterm newborns compared to full-term infants.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the neonatal unit of a public hospital. Ninety-four newborns were evaluated and divided into two groups: preterm newborns (PTNB, n = 47) and full-term newborns (FTNB, n = 47). Skeletal muscle thickness, cross-sectional area, and pennation angle of the rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, and biceps brachii were assessed using kinesiological ultrasound. Neuropsychomotor performance was evaluated using the Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP) scale.
RESULTS: In the FTNB group, the size of the lower limb muscles was significantly correlated with the TIMP score. In contrast, in the PTNB group, the size of both lower and upper limb muscles influenced the TIMP score. The PTNB group exhibited lower anthropometric measurements and showed delayed neuropsychomotor development as indicated by lower TIMP scores and Z-scores.
CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that, in addition to prematurity, skeletal muscle size plays a significant role in influencing motor performance in newborns.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to correlate and assess the effect of skeletal muscle size and quality on motor performance in preterm newborns compared to full-term infants.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the neonatal unit of a public hospital. Ninety-four newborns were evaluated and divided into two groups: preterm newborns (PTNB, n = 47) and full-term newborns (FTNB, n = 47). Skeletal muscle thickness, cross-sectional area, and pennation angle of the rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, and biceps brachii were assessed using kinesiological ultrasound. Neuropsychomotor performance was evaluated using the Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP) scale.
RESULTS: In the FTNB group, the size of the lower limb muscles was significantly correlated with the TIMP score. In contrast, in the PTNB group, the size of both lower and upper limb muscles influenced the TIMP score. The PTNB group exhibited lower anthropometric measurements and showed delayed neuropsychomotor development as indicated by lower TIMP scores and Z-scores.
CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that, in addition to prematurity, skeletal muscle size plays a significant role in influencing motor performance in newborns.