Effect of infection by Mycoplasma arginini and Mycoplasma salivarium on the oncogenic properties of lung cancer cell line A549.

Most mycoplasma species are the extracellular parasites affecting different cellular processes including proliferation, cell cycle, protein synthesis, DNA repair and others. Mycoplasma infection was shown to contribute to the pathology of various diseases, including cancer. Upon infection, mycoplasmas typically activate the tumor-associated NF-kB pathway, which is associated with EMT, the main mechanism of metastasis. In this study, we found that two different mycoplasma strains, M. arginini and M. salivarium, promoted the initiation of EMT and simultaneous suppression of the p53 tumor suppressor in A549 lung cancer cells. This led to an increase of cancer cell motility, resistance to the antitumor drug etoposide concomitantly with decreased autophagy. These data indicate that mycoplasmas are able to increase the tumorigenic potential of cancer host cells.