Development of mantle cell lymphoma in a patient with adrenocortical carcinoma and an 18-year survival after complete removal of the primary cancer and resection of local recurrences.

The case of a patient with a non-functional and poorly-differentiated adrenocortical carcinoma, who had an unexpected long-term survival after a right adrenalectomy and subsequent removal of 2 local recurrences, is reported. However, fifteen years after the complete resection of the primary neoplasm, the patient first developed an autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura and later a mantle cell lymphoma located in the mediastinal lymph nodes. This case confirms the possible growth of a second tumour in patients with adrenocortical carcinomas, especially if presenting a long survival after resection of the primary malignancy, and emphasises the need for the close follow-up of these patients.