China CDC weekly · 2025
A Case Report of Dengue Infection After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patient with Acute B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia - China, 2025.
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Zhou Ying, Sun Chaofeng, Liu Qinglian, Ling Yuanli, Yang Bo
Аннотация
WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS TOPIC?: Dengue fever represents one of the most prevalent viral infections annually affecting the general population in endemic regions. It is widely recognized as an acute self-limiting disease, with the virus typically being completely cleared within 2-3 weeks post-infection, without establishing long-term latency. The current consensus is that primary infection with a specific serotype confers lifelong type-specific immunity, thereby preventing reinfection with an identical dengue virus serotype.
WHAT IS ADDED BY THIS REPORT?: We report the case of a patient with leukemia who developed a confirmed dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV-1) infection during chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Notably, 6 months after the resolution of the initial infection, the same patient tested positive again for DENV-1 nucleic acid while undergoing intensive immunosuppression following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE?: For patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and receiving immunosuppressive therapy, clinicians should be vigilant about the potential for persistent dengue infection, particularly in dengue-endemic regions. Furthermore, implementing prolonged serological monitoring post-infection is also crucial for the clinical management of this patient population.
WHAT IS ADDED BY THIS REPORT?: We report the case of a patient with leukemia who developed a confirmed dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV-1) infection during chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Notably, 6 months after the resolution of the initial infection, the same patient tested positive again for DENV-1 nucleic acid while undergoing intensive immunosuppression following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE?: For patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and receiving immunosuppressive therapy, clinicians should be vigilant about the potential for persistent dengue infection, particularly in dengue-endemic regions. Furthermore, implementing prolonged serological monitoring post-infection is also crucial for the clinical management of this patient population.