Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) aqueous extract improves hyperglycemia, testicular inflammation, apoptosis, and tissue structure induced by Streptozotocin via oxidative stress inhibition.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well-known hyperglycemic metabolic condition identified by oxidative stress and biological function disruption. Kiwifruit is a valuable source of polyphenols and vitamin C with great antioxidant, nutritional, and health-promoting effects. Therefore, this study was initiated to explore the antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemic effects of kiwifruit aqueous extract (KFE) against oxidative injury and testis dysfunction in rats with diabetes. Twenty-four male Wistar Albino rats (160-170 g) were divided into four groups: Group 1 served as the control, Group 2 supplemented orally with kiwifruit extract (KFE; 1 g/kg/day) for one month, Group 3 was treated with a single streptozotocin dose (STZ; 50 mg/kg ip), and Group 4 where the diabetic rats were administered with KFE, respectively. According to the results, the GC-MS analysis of KFE revealed several main components with strong antioxidant properties. In diabetic rats, lipid peroxidation and hyperglycemia were accompanied by perturbations in hormone levels and sperm characteristics. Antioxidant enzymes, glutathione content, aminotransferase, phosphatase activities, and protein content were decreased. Furthermore, histology, immunohistochemical PCNA expression, and histochemical analysis of collagen, DNA, RNA, and total protein. were altered in rat testis sections, supporting the changes in biochemistry. Furthermore, diabetic rats supplemented with KFE manifested considerable amendment in all the tested parameters besides improved tissue structure and gene expressions (NF-kB, p53, IL-1β, Bax, IL-10, and Bcl2) relative to the diabetic group. In conclusion, KFE has beneficial effects as it can improve glucose levels and testis function, so it might be used as a complementary therapy in DM.