Anaplastic ependymoma arising from the lower segment of the uterine corpus: Case report and literature review.

To the best of our knowledge, there are currently no reports on primary uterine ependymoma. We operated on a 38-year-old woman suspected with uterine fibroids; surgical findings led to the diagnosis of primary anaplastic ependymoma of the uterus. Most extraneural ependymomas arising from the ovary and perigenital peritoneum occur in women of reproductive age and express estrogen and progesterone receptors. The etiology of such tumors is unknown, and a treatment strategy has not been established yet. Therefore, it is essential to accumulate cases for identifying mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and disease progression to facilitate diagnosis and development of an effective treatment.