Gut · 2002
Effect of chronic and acute cigarette smoking on the pharyngoglottal closure reflex.
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Dua K, Bardan E, Ren J, Sui Z, Shaker R
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Injection of water into the pharynx at a threshold volume induces vocal cord adduction--the pharyngoglottal closure reflex (PGCR). This reflex together with other supraoesophageal reflexes may be helpful in preventing aspiration. Cigarette smoking has an adverse affect on the pharyngo-upper oesophageal sphincter contractile reflex and reflexive pharyngeal swallow. The effect of smoking on PGCR has not been studied previously.
AIMS: To elucidate the effect of chronic and acute cigarette smoking on PGCR.
SUBJECTS: We studied 10 chronic smokers and 10 non-smokers before and after real/simulated smoking, respectively.
METHODS: Using concurrent recordings, glottal function was monitored by video endoscopy, swallowing by electromyography, and PGCR was triggered by rapid and slow pharyngeal water injections.
RESULTS: The threshold volume to trigger PGCR during rapid injection was significantly higher in chronic smokers (non-smoker 0.20 (SEM 0.02) ml, smoker 0.36 (0.02) ml; p<0.001). In six of 10 smokers, acute smoking abolished this reflex during slow water injection.
CONCLUSIONS: Smoking adversely affects stimulation of PGCR. This finding may have implications in the development of reflux related respiratory complications in smokers.
AIMS: To elucidate the effect of chronic and acute cigarette smoking on PGCR.
SUBJECTS: We studied 10 chronic smokers and 10 non-smokers before and after real/simulated smoking, respectively.
METHODS: Using concurrent recordings, glottal function was monitored by video endoscopy, swallowing by electromyography, and PGCR was triggered by rapid and slow pharyngeal water injections.
RESULTS: The threshold volume to trigger PGCR during rapid injection was significantly higher in chronic smokers (non-smoker 0.20 (SEM 0.02) ml, smoker 0.36 (0.02) ml; p<0.001). In six of 10 smokers, acute smoking abolished this reflex during slow water injection.
CONCLUSIONS: Smoking adversely affects stimulation of PGCR. This finding may have implications in the development of reflux related respiratory complications in smokers.