Hypopharyngeal cancer: results of treatment with radiotherapy alone and combinations of surgery and radiotherapy.

From 1962 to 1977, 90 patients with hypopharyngeal cancer were seen in the Academic Hospital in Leuven. Radiotherapy was the primary treatment in 66 patients, actuarial survival was 18% at 5 years and local control 22%. In 22 patients treated with a laryngopharyngectomy and pre- or postoperative radiotherapy, survival was also 18%, but local control was obtained in 51%. No differences in prognosis were demonstrated according to the tumoral stage or nodal status. Metastases were found in 10.5% of irradiated patients and in 14% of patients treated with combined therapy. The frequency of postoperative complications was not increased after surgery for preoperatively irradiated patients. Treatment results in hypopharyngeal cancer remain unfavorable, even with a combination of surgery and radiotherapy. Alternative approaches should be actively investigated to improve local control rates such as the modalities currently under study (high LET, new fractionations, combinations with drugs).