The Role of Interventional Radiology in Managing Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorder.

Interventional Radiology (IR) can be a crucial player in managing placenta accrete spectrum disorder (PAS), offering minimally invasive angiographic techniques that can prevent or control hemorrhage and preserve fertility. These include prophylactic balloon occlusion of the aorta or iliac arteries, preoperative catheter placement in the iliac or uterine arteries for subsequent embolization, or pre-emptive arterial embolization preceding hysterotomy and delivery. This review provides obstetricians with an overview of IR's role in the management of PAS by describing specific endovascular techniques; existing outcomes data; and considerations for protocol development, preoperative planning, and intraoperative dynamics for when IR assists with PAS cases.