Standardized intraoperative application of an absorbable polysaccharide hemostatic powder to reduce the incidence of lymphocele after kidney transplantation - a prospective trial.

We assessed whether standardized application of an absorbable polysaccharide hemostatic powder (HaemoCer™) has an effect on lymphocele rate after kidney transplantation. For this nonrandomized prospective trial, we first aimed to know our center-specific lymphocele rate diagnosed by ultrasound imaging. We retrospectively assessed all patient records of the elapsed year resulting in a center-specific rate of 20%, this was consistent with literature. The power analysis showed that 108 patients were required to detect a 50% reduction in lymphocele rate. During the prospective study period, 155 patients undergoing kidney transplantation were recruited to receive HaemoCer™ intraoperatively. In two patients, the product accidentally was not used. Six patients were excluded from analysis because of failure to complete follow-up (one early death and five early graft failures). Of the remaining 147 patients, 15 developed lymphoceles, which represents a rate of 10.2%; (95% CI: 6.3-16.2%). Compared to the expected occurrence, this was significantly lower (P = 0.003). Lymphoceles appeared to be associated with preoperative donor-specific antibody, retransplantation and immunoadsorption in HLA or ABO incompatible donors. At our institution, the frequency of lymphoceles after kidney transplantation appeared to be significantly reduced when HaemoCer™ was applied routinely. The magnitude of the effect warrants randomized evaluation.