[Principles of current classification of duodenitis].

The paper considers the principles of classification of chronic duodenitis. The current classification of chronic duodenitis may be divided into three parts: endoscopic, histological, and etiological. The characterizing terms of the endoscopic part are as follows: erythema, hemorrhages, atrophy, erosions, follicles. The endoscopic localization of duodenitis is as follows: proximal and distal portions (panduodenitis, including bulbitis in the proximal portion and postbulbitis in the distal portion, palpilitis). The nonspecific terms of the histological part are as follows: activity, inflammation, and atrophy. Its specific terms are: ventricular metaplasia, ventricular heterotopia, Helicobacter pylori, granulomas, lymphatic follicles, eosinophilic infiltration, lymphocytic infiltration. The following morphological categories of duodenitis are: nonatrophic, nodular, granulomatous, eosinophilic, and lymphocytic. The morphological localization of duodenitis is as follows: proximal and distal portions (panduodenitis, including bulbitis in the proximal portion and postbulbitis in the distal portion). The following degrees of its severity are: none changes, mild, moderate, and sever. The types (etiological factors) of duodenitis are as follows: acid-associated, drug-dependent, toxic (eliminating), and isolated nonspecific (idiopathic). Its special forms are: H. pylori-induced, granulomatous (Crohn's disease, sarcoidosis), nodal (Crohn's disease, sarcoidosis, acid-associated diseases), eosinophilic (unspecified allergens), lymphocytic (gluten-induced).