World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2025
Impact of statin therapy on postoperative outcomes following colorectal cancer surgery: A systematic review.
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Mohsin Sana, Hasan Misha, Mustafa Fatima, Kumar Jai, Aleissa Maryam, Bhullar Jasneet S, Kumar Sarwan
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: The pleiotropic effects of statins, including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions, have prompted investigation into their perioperative role in colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. However, findings remain inconsistent due to heterogeneity in study designs, statin regimens, and outcome definitions. This reviews current observational evidence, emphasizing the duration of statin therapy and its association with postoperative outcomes.
AIM: To evaluate the association between statin therapy and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing CRC surgery.
METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar through March 2025. Five cohort studies evaluating statin use in CRC surgery were included. Primary outcomes assessed included anastomotic leak, surgical site infection, and 30-day and 90-day mortality. Data on statin duration and confounders such as comorbidities and surgical variables were also extracted.
RESULTS: Three studies investigated the rates of anastomotic leaks in patients who used statins compared to those who did not. Two of the studies found no significant difference, while one noted a marginally higher leak rate among statin users. Diabetes, smoking habits, and operative time were found to be common confounding factors. Conversely, the use of statins was consistently linked to a decrease in 30-day mortality in propensity-matched groups, although findings regarding 90-day mortality were variable.
CONCLUSION: Statin therapy may confer short-term survival benefits in CRC surgical patients, potentially via anti-inflammatory or cytoprotective mechanisms. While evidence regarding anastomotic leaks remains inconclusive, trends suggest improved postoperative outcomes. These findings are constrained by methodological heterogeneity, underscoring the need for prospective, randomized studies to confirm benefits and identify optimal patient subgroups.
AIM: To evaluate the association between statin therapy and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing CRC surgery.
METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar through March 2025. Five cohort studies evaluating statin use in CRC surgery were included. Primary outcomes assessed included anastomotic leak, surgical site infection, and 30-day and 90-day mortality. Data on statin duration and confounders such as comorbidities and surgical variables were also extracted.
RESULTS: Three studies investigated the rates of anastomotic leaks in patients who used statins compared to those who did not. Two of the studies found no significant difference, while one noted a marginally higher leak rate among statin users. Diabetes, smoking habits, and operative time were found to be common confounding factors. Conversely, the use of statins was consistently linked to a decrease in 30-day mortality in propensity-matched groups, although findings regarding 90-day mortality were variable.
CONCLUSION: Statin therapy may confer short-term survival benefits in CRC surgical patients, potentially via anti-inflammatory or cytoprotective mechanisms. While evidence regarding anastomotic leaks remains inconclusive, trends suggest improved postoperative outcomes. These findings are constrained by methodological heterogeneity, underscoring the need for prospective, randomized studies to confirm benefits and identify optimal patient subgroups.