[Advances in the surgical treatment of renal calculi (author's transl)].

The most important advances in the surgical management of renal calculi are reviewed and the following current concepts are discussed: operation of the kidney in situ with dorsal muscle-sparing lumbotomy; intrasinusal pyelolithotomy as a modern principle of stone surgery; modern techniques for the localization and removal of stones from the renal pelvis (X-ray, ultrasound, coagulum pyelotomy); methods of hypothermal kidney preservation and operative techniques for staghorn calculi; and modes of surgical stone prophylaxis.