Romanian journal of morphology and embryology = Revue roumaine de morphologie et embryologie · 2024
Evaluation of the lymphocyte population and placental inflammation in pregnant patients with moderate or severe COVID-19 forms - a secondary analysis.
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Tănase Adina Elena, Mogoş Raluca Anamaria, Mogoş Simona Juliette, Bran Ştefana Raluca, Gîscă Tudor Cătălin, Solomon-Condriuc Iustina Petra, Costea Claudia Florida, Tănase Gabriel Valentin, Cucu Andrei Ionuţ, Socolov Demetra Gabriela, Petrariu Florin Dumitru, Pruteanu Elena Andreea, Socolov Răzvan Vladimir, Buzdugă Cătălin Mihai, Cărăuleanu Alexandru
Аннотация
AIM: In this secondary analysis, we aimed to characterize the lymphocytes population and placental inflammation in pregnant women with moderate and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) forms.
PATIENTS, MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the analysis of this prospective evaluation, we included 26 pregnant women at term with moderate and severe COVID-19 forms that were evaluated in a tertiary maternity center in a one-year timeframe. Clinical data, along with blood immunophenotyping results and placental histopathological examinations were comparatively evaluated between two study groups depending on the COVID-19 severity: Group 1 (moderate COVID-19, n=14 patients) and Group 2 (severe COVID-19, n=12 patients).
RESULTS: Pregnant patients with severe COVID-19 presented significantly lower total amount of lymphocytes (p<0.001), T-lymphocytes (p=0.009), cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ T-cells (p=0.002), B-lymphocytes (p=0.001). Also, the number of CD4+ T-cells (p=0.01), CD8+ T-cells (p=0.02) and B-lymphocytes (p=0.002) was lower enough for cases with severe COVID-19.
CONCLUSIONS: Lymphocytopenia could be a useful hematological marker for risk stratification of COVID-19 in pregnant women at term. A vertical transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cannot be confirmed in this study, mainly because of the limited sample size and short timeframe between infection and birth.
PATIENTS, MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the analysis of this prospective evaluation, we included 26 pregnant women at term with moderate and severe COVID-19 forms that were evaluated in a tertiary maternity center in a one-year timeframe. Clinical data, along with blood immunophenotyping results and placental histopathological examinations were comparatively evaluated between two study groups depending on the COVID-19 severity: Group 1 (moderate COVID-19, n=14 patients) and Group 2 (severe COVID-19, n=12 patients).
RESULTS: Pregnant patients with severe COVID-19 presented significantly lower total amount of lymphocytes (p<0.001), T-lymphocytes (p=0.009), cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ T-cells (p=0.002), B-lymphocytes (p=0.001). Also, the number of CD4+ T-cells (p=0.01), CD8+ T-cells (p=0.02) and B-lymphocytes (p=0.002) was lower enough for cases with severe COVID-19.
CONCLUSIONS: Lymphocytopenia could be a useful hematological marker for risk stratification of COVID-19 in pregnant women at term. A vertical transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cannot be confirmed in this study, mainly because of the limited sample size and short timeframe between infection and birth.