[Clinical Features and Prognostic Factors of Patients with Multiple Myeloma].

OBJECTIVE

To summarize the clinical and Laboratory characteristics of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and analyze the prognostic factors.

METHODS

Two hundred MM patients were retrospectively analyzed for the following parameters, including peripheral blood, bone marrow morphology, cytogenetics, clinical staging, and response to the chemotherapy in order to summarize related factors affecting overall survival (OS). The prognostic factors were also analyzed.

RESULTS

200 patients with MM were divided into 3 groups according to bone marrow plasma cell percentage (BMPC%) in bone marrow smears: ＜10% group (74 cases, 37.0%), 10%-50% group (75 cases, 37.5%), ＞50% group (51 cases, 25.5%). Compared with the other two groups, patients in BMPC%<10% group were characterized by lower clinical staging levels, lower rates of 13q14 deletion and t(11;14) positive, better response to chemotherapy and favorable three-year OS rate. The univariate analysis showed that prognostic factors indicating favorable outcome as evaluated by OS included age≤55 years old, BMPC%＜10%, WBC＜7.5×109/L, Hb≥68 g/L, PLT≥150×109/L, β2-MG＜5.5 mg/L, LDH≤230 U/L, Durie-Salmon staging A, achievement of VGPR or better outcome after the first chemotherapy, achievement VGPR or better outcome after the fourth chemotherapy, and presence of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(auto-HSCT)(P<0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that prognostic factors indicating favorable outcome as evaluated by OS included age≤55 years old, BMPC%≤50%, WBC＜7.5×109/L, Hb≥68 g/L, achievement of VGPR or better outcome after the fourth chemotherapy (P<0.05).

CONCLUSION

The clinical characteristics are different among MM patients with different BMPC% in bone marrow smears at initial diagnosis, and prognostic analysis shows that the BMPC% in bone marrow smears has an effect on OS rate. BMPC% in bone marrow smears at initial diagnosis, age, WBC, Hb, response to the fourth chemotherapy are also the main factors impacting the prognosis of patients.