George K. Smelser (1908-1973): Atmospheric oxygen and the corneal response to contact lens wear.

Professor George Smelser was a scientist who played a crucial role in advancing the understanding of the anatomical and physiological changes within the cornea during contact lens wear. In a series of unique experiments conducted in the early 1950s, using both humans and animal models, his research team provided the first conclusive evidence that contact lenses impaired the delivery of atmospheric oxygen to the cornea, resulting in an excess of lactate within the cornea and a subsequent ingress of water, leading to corneal oedema and disturbed vision (Sattler's veil). This historical note reviews the career of George Smelser, with particular emphasis on his contributions to understanding the importance of atmospheric oxygen in maintaining corneal homeostasis.