Spontaneous rupture of the renal pelvis: complication of renal homotransplantation.

The first reported case of rupture of the renal pelvis associated with transplantation is presented. The obstruction was in the ureteral tunnel of the hypertrophic bladder. The cause of the weakness in the pelvic wall could not be determined. Differential diagnosis was acute rejection and lymphocele. Excretory urography was diagnostic. Treatment included revision of the ureteroneocystostomy with repair of the defect and internal stenting. Postoperative morbidity was minimal and satisfactory graft function was maintained.