Pineal metabolic reaction to retinal photostimulation in ganglionectomized rats.

The aim of the present work was to test the pineal gland metabolic reactivity to nocturnal retinal short term photic stimulation in superior cervical ganglionectomized rats. The experimental support for this work is the appearance of a transitory post synaptic hyperactivity in the pineal gland, during the anterograde degenerating process of the conarii sympathetic nerve fibers after surgical removal of the cell body. In this situation the pineal gland is deafferented from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system keeping intact, however, the direct central connections to the deep pineal/lamina intercalaris region (DP). The results show a blockade of the pineal noradrenergic stimulatory process due to the retinal photostimulation. The inactivation of N-acetyltransferase led to a true metabolic shift to the oxidative pathway resulting in a decrease of the amount of N-acetylserotonin and an increase of the amount of serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and 5-hydroxytryptophan. This inhibitory process brought into action by retinal illumination is dependent on the direct central neural connections to the pineal gland, since rats that were lesioned in the DP, previously to ganglionectomy, did not show any alteration on the indolic content of the pineal gland when subjected to nocturnal retinal photostimulation.