Multipopulation evaluation of the internal morphology of mandibular first premolars from different South American countries. A micro-computed tomography study.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate and compare several anatomical parameters of mandibular first premolars from individuals from different Latin American countries using micro-computed tomography.

DESIGN

Five hundred extracted mandibular first premolars from Brazilian, Argentinian, Chilean, Colombian, and Ecuadorian individuals were scanned using micro-computed tomography (n = 100 teeth/country). Root canal configurations were classified according to established parameters. Analyses also included: canal volume and surface area, structure model index, distances from the apical foramen to the root apex or the cementoenamel junction, major/minor apical canal diameters, canal orifice shape, and prevalence of ramifications.

RESULTS

A single root was the most common anatomy in all countries (range, 97%-100%). Vertucci's type-I canal was the most frequent configuration (range, 36%-66%), followed by C-shaped and type-V canals. The oval-shaped canal orifice was the most predominant in all countries (range, 34%-58%), followed by the circular shape (range, 16%-47%). C-shaped canals occurred in all subpopulations (range, 14%-26%), always associated with radicular grooves. Ranges for canal ramifications were as follows: accessory canals, 36%-73%; lateral canals, 4%-12%; and apical delta, 4%-14% of the teeth. Many anatomic parameters differed significantly between countries (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS

Vertucci's types-I and -V, and C-shaped canals were the most prevalent configurations in the subpopulations investigated. Accessory canals and several complex anatomies were found, with some significantly different frequencies between countries.