Comparing Rural and Urban Cervical and Breast Cancer Screening Rates in a Privately Insured Population.

Low preventive screening varies by region and contributes to poor outcomes for breast and cervical cancer. Previous comparative urban and rural research on preventive screening has focused on government programs. This study quantified and compared rural and urban preventive cancer screening rates for women who were privately insured. National Quality Forum measures were used to calculate rates for women within rural and urban parts of the same Hospital Referral Region (HRR) using claims data. Mammography screening rates for women age 24 to 69 years were 77.1% in 2011 and 76.1% in 2008. Compared to urban women, mammography screening rates for women visiting rural physicians were lower in 42%, higher in 2% and identical in 56% of HRRs. Cervical cancer screening rates for women age 21 to 64 years were 82.9% in 2011 and 83.5% in 2008. Cervical cancer screening rates among women who saw rural physicians were lower in 55%, higher in 4%, and identical in 42% of HRRs. HRRs where rural areas underperformed urban areas increased between 2008 and 2011 for both screenings. Moderate but notable differences in women's preventive screening rates between rural and urban physicians highlight the need for practical solutions that increase use of screening services and reduce barriers to services in rural areas.