Genome biology · 2023
A loss-of-function mutation in human Oxidation Resistance 1 disrupts the spatial-temporal regulation of histone arginine methylation in neurodevelopment.
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Lin Xiaolin, Wang Wei, Yang Mingyi, Damseh Nadirah, de Sousa Mirta Mittelstedt Leal, Jacob Fadi, Lång Anna, Kristiansen Elise, Pannone Marco, Kissova Miroslava, Almaas Runar, Kuśnierczyk Anna, Siller Richard, Shahrour Maher, Al-Ashhab Motee, Abu-Libdeh Bassam, Tang Wannan, Slupphaug Geir, Elpeleg Orly, Bøe Stig Ove, Eide Lars, Sullivan Gareth J, Rinholm Johanne Egge, Song Hongjun, Ming Guo-Li, van Loon Barbara, Edvardson Simon, Ye Jing, Bjørås Magnar
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Oxidation Resistance 1 (OXR1) gene is a highly conserved gene of the TLDc domain-containing family. OXR1 is involved in fundamental biological and cellular processes, including DNA damage response, antioxidant pathways, cell cycle, neuronal protection, and arginine methylation. In 2019, five patients from three families carrying four biallelic loss-of-function variants in OXR1 were reported to be associated with cerebellar atrophy. However, the impact of OXR1 on cellular functions and molecular mechanisms in the human brain is largely unknown. Notably, no human disease models are available to explore the pathological impact of OXR1 deficiency.
RESULTS: We report a novel loss-of-function mutation in the TLDc domain of the human OXR1 gene, resulting in early-onset epilepsy, developmental delay, cognitive disabilities, and cerebellar atrophy. Patient lymphoblasts show impaired cell survival, proliferation, and hypersensitivity to oxidative stress. These phenotypes are rescued by TLDc domain replacement. We generate patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) revealing impaired neural differentiation along with dysregulation of genes essential for neurodevelopment. We identify that OXR1 influences histone arginine methylation by activating protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), suggesting OXR1-dependent mechanisms regulating gene expression during neurodevelopment. We model the function of OXR1 in early human brain development using patient-derived brain organoids revealing that OXR1 contributes to the spatial-temporal regulation of histone arginine methylation in specific brain regions.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides new insights into pathological features and molecular underpinnings associated with OXR1 deficiency in patients.
RESULTS: We report a novel loss-of-function mutation in the TLDc domain of the human OXR1 gene, resulting in early-onset epilepsy, developmental delay, cognitive disabilities, and cerebellar atrophy. Patient lymphoblasts show impaired cell survival, proliferation, and hypersensitivity to oxidative stress. These phenotypes are rescued by TLDc domain replacement. We generate patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) revealing impaired neural differentiation along with dysregulation of genes essential for neurodevelopment. We identify that OXR1 influences histone arginine methylation by activating protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), suggesting OXR1-dependent mechanisms regulating gene expression during neurodevelopment. We model the function of OXR1 in early human brain development using patient-derived brain organoids revealing that OXR1 contributes to the spatial-temporal regulation of histone arginine methylation in specific brain regions.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides new insights into pathological features and molecular underpinnings associated with OXR1 deficiency in patients.