[Axillary lymphadenectomy prepared by fat aspiration versus functional axillary lymphadenectomy: preliminary results of a randomized prospective study].

The objective of this study is to compare morbidity between 2 surgical procedures of axillary clearance: functional lymphadenectomy by classical dissection versus axillary dissection prepared by liposuction (Suzanne's procedure). Two hundred consecutive patients treated for breast cancer were included in a prospective randomized trial between 1st January, 1995 and 31st January, 1996 (Huriet's law). The assessment (number of nodes, postoperative stay, drainage duration, rate of seromas, number of complications, evaluation of mobility and sensitive disorders) was done on the first, fifth, tenth and thirty postoperative days. There is no significant difference between the 2 groups. The rate of seromas decreased significantly only for fat patients (8/25 versus 21/34, p < 0.05) and for the patients treated with radical mastectomy (17/37 versus 28/39, p < 0.05). In this preliminary study, liposuction does not change postoperative effects of axillary clearance, except for fat patients or after total mastectomy. The liposuction seems to facilitate a better anatomical dissection and a better preservation of the nervous and vascular elements.