Radiotherapy and the management of the axilla in early breast cancer.

The role of radiotherapy in the management of the axilla in early breast cancer is examined. A few, carefully selected, clinically node-negative postmenopausal women may require no intervention to the axilla. Otherwise, surgical clearance is the preferred sole management of the axilla, resulting in an excellent level of local control and providing optimal information for the use of systemic adjuvant therapy. Axillary radiotherapy can also provide equivalent levels of long-term control in the clinically node-negative axilla, but the chronic disabling syndrome of brachial plexopathy is documented at all radiation doses that can sterilize microscopic disease, irrespective of the radiotherapy technique. A combination of radiotherapy and axillary surgery results in an increased morbidity rate compared with either alone. Women who receive radiotherapy to the breast alone are not at risk of brachial plexopathy.