[Bone mineral density assessment of women on long-term antiepileptic therapy].

OBJECTIVE

To study the effect of anticonvulsants on bone mineral density in patients with epilepsy.

MATERIAL AND

METHODS

The study included 90 women with epilepsy and a control group of 60 healthy women. The subjects' serum levels of parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D were measured. Mineral density and bone structure were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA).

RESULTS

In women with epilepsy, the serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D were significantly lower compared to the control group, and the levels of parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase were significantly higher. There was also a statistically significant difference in the DEXA values between study groups. In women with epilepsy who received enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels were significantly lower compared to patients who received enzyme-inhibiting antiepileptic drugs. Bone mineral density was positively correlated with serum micronutrients (calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D) and negatively with serum alkaline phosphatase and duration of therapy.

CONCLUSION

Bone tissue disorders are common in patients with epilepsy. These disorders may be associated with prolonged use of antiepileptic drugs, especially enzyme inducers.