Position paper on retinal vein occlusion. SEMI-SERV.

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is associated with both local and systemic factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and thrombophilias. In addition to specific recommendations for ophthalmological management, a comprehensive systemic approach is crucial, with rigorous control of cardiovascular risk factors, which are implicated in approximately 90% of RVO cases. In cases where it is necessary, an in-depth differential diagnosis should also be performed. This position paper aims to provide a thorough review of this common condition, including its pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment, based on the latest scientific evidence and expert recommendations.