Effectiveness of skin cancer screening programmes.

Skin cancer, nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), is the most frequent cancer worldwide. It is amenable to early detection, and screening for skin cancer has the potential to reduce mortality and morbidity. However, there are no recommendations for population-based skin cancer screening programmes due to the lack of evidence for the effectiveness from epidemiological studies. In 2008 the first nationwide screening programme for NMSC and CMM in the world was established in Germany. The decision for implementing such a programme was based on the results and evidence of a pilot study that was conducted from 2003 to 2004. The pilot study revealed that a population-based screening programme for skin cancer is feasible and effective. Careful evaluation of the nationwide programme is crucial to generate strong evidence for long-term public health benefits.