Association of adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and risk of uterine cancer: a prospective cohort from the UK Biobank.

BACKGROUND

The EAT-Lancet dietary pattern is a healthy eating model linked to multiple health benefits. However, whether it is associated with uterine cancer, including malignancies of the isthmus uteri, endometrium, myometrium, fundus uteri, overlapping lesions of the corpus uteri, and uterus of unspecified site, remains unexplored.

METHODS

This study comprised 114,572 women without uterine cancer at baseline. Participants who had at least one 24-h dietary recall record in the UK Biobank were included. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for incident uterine cancer across the EAT-Lancet diet index. Cox proportional hazards models were adjusted for age, ethnicity, Townsend Deprivation Index, total energy intake, smoking status, alcohol intake, and physical activity.

RESULTS

This study had an average follow-up period of 13.26 years. During this time, 694 new cases of uterine cancer were recorded. Participants with higher adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet (index ≥ 12) had a lower risk of uterine cancer than those in the lowest adherence group (HR = 0.706, 95% CI: 0.547-0.911). Each 1-point increase in the EAT-Lancet diet index was associated with 6.9% lower risk of uterine cancer (HR = 0.931, 95% CI: 0.874-0.992).

CONCLUSION

Higher adherence to the EAT-Lancet dietary pattern was associated with a lower risk of uterine cancer.