[Two cases of bladder leiomyoma].

Two cases of leiomyoma of the bladder are reported. The first case was a 79-year-old female who presented with gross hematuria and frequent urination. Cystoscopy disclosed a large tumor covered by intact mucosa. This lesion was further evaluated by ultrasound, and was thought to be a submucosal tumor of the bladder. The second case was a 43-year-old female who was referred for further investigation of left giant hydronephrosis. During the investigation, submucosal tumor was incidentally found. Concerning the etiology of the hydronephrosis, left ureteral stenosis due to a previous gynecological operation was suspected. These lesions proved to be leiomyoma of the bladder histologically, and were successfully enucleated. Difficulty in diagnosis of this disease and controversy as to the optimal treatment prompted us to report these cases and to review 68 cases reported in the Japanese literature.