Primary anterior mediastinal seminoma.

A review of the Mayo Clinic experience with primary anterior mediastinal seminomas involved 17 patients who had pure anterior mediastinal seminomas and four who had mixed germ-cell tumors containing seminomas. At follow-up, of the 17 patients with pure anterior mediastinal seminoma, nine had no evidence of disease and eight had died of metastatic disease. Of the four patients with mixed germ-cell tumor containing seminoma, two were alive at follow-up and two had died of metastatic disease. In the group with pure anterior mediastinal seminoma, these factors seemed to have been associated with a greater potential for progression of disease: older than 35 years of age, presentation with fever, superior vena caval syndrome, supraclavicular or cervical adenopathy, and roentgenographic evidence of hilar disease.