[Chinese expert consensus on evaluation and treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer with negative driver genes after first-line immunotherapy resistance (2024 edition)].

Immunotherapy has become the standard first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with negative driver genes, which has significantly improved the prognosis of patients. However, there is still a lack of consistent guidelines or consensus on evaluation and treatment regimens after first-line immunotherapy resistance. The Committee of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology organized multidisciplinary experts from medical oncology, respiratory medicine, thoracic surgery, radiotherapy, and imaging to conduct an in-depth discussion on the definition and classification of primary resistance and secondary resistance, evaluation criteria of immunotherapy, subsequent treatment strategies of oligo-progression or extensive progression after first-line immunotherapy, re-challenges of immunotherapy and clinical research of new drugs in advanced NSCLC patients with negative driver genes according to the existing evidence. After the consensus meeting, an expert consensus on evaluation and treatment strategy of advanced NSCLC with negative driver genes after first-line immunotherapy resistance was formed, aiming to provide standardized guidance for clinical practice of Chinese clinicians.