The maxillary sinus: challenges and treatments for implant placement.

Standard implant placement in the posterior maxilla is often limited by the lack of vertical bone height due to the pneumatization of the sinus cavity. Several techniques have been developed to enter this cavity and elevate the membrane to enable implant placement. These methods may involve the use of bone grafts and membranes, as well as concurrent implant placement. This article reviews the clinical situations in which to apply these sinus lift techniques, complications, and success rates.