Survey data of 71,578 ancient and notable trees across 183 counties in Sichuan Province, China (2016-2023).

This dataset presents survey data of 71,578 ancient and notable trees in Sichuan Province, China. The data cover all 183 county-level administrative units within Sichuan Province. Data collection was conducted from May 2016 to March 2023. Twenty-four indicators were recorded through field surveys: tree ID, detailed address, tree category, species, coordinates, ancient tree grade, tree age, tree height, girth at breast height / girth at ground level, mean crown width, growth site, distribution pattern, elevation, aspect, slope, slope position, soil name, growth vigour, growth environment, factors affecting growing environment, historical and cultural description, description of special tree condition, existing above-ground protection, and maintenance and restoration measures. All 24 indicators and their corresponding survey methods strictly follow the national standard LY/T 2738-2016. The dataset comprises three files: (1) the survey form template with completion instructions; (2) raw survey data containing 71,578 individual records; and (3) summary statistics presenting the distribution of tree counts across 13 indicators, including city (prefecture), growth site, and tree age. This dataset can support regional comparative analyses of ancient and notable trees, multi-dimensional interaction analyses among trees, environment, and humans, as well as longitudinal studies of tree population changes.