Core-shell structured nanomaterials in dual-modal magnetic resonance imaging guided antitumor effect via combined treatment.

Accurate detection and localization of early-stage breast cancer represent the cornerstone for improving cancer cure rates and extending patient survival. However, selecting therapeutic regimens characterized by high efficacy and minimal side effects remains a formidable clinical challenge. Combining these two goals is now feasible with the innovation and progress of nanomaterials. Herein, we designed and synthesized a novel nanomaterial PDA@Fe-BTC@ MnO2 nanoparticles (PFMPP NPs) for breast cancer. The MnO2 and Fe-BTC units confer tumor-microenvironment (TME)-responsive T1/T2 dual-mode magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)capability. For therapy, the Fe-BTC structure mediates chemodynamic therapy (CDT) via the Fenton-like reaction, generating cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Simultaneously, the MnO2 component catalyzes H2O2 decomposition to relieve tumor hypoxia and consumes reduced glutathione (GSH) to protect ROS from clearance. Furthermore, PFMPP NPs exhibit strong photothermal conversion under 808 nm near-infrared light, permitting direct tumor ablation via photothermal therapy (PTT). The localized heating also enhances the Fenton-like reaction, yielding more ROS and thereby enabling enhanced combined therapeutic efficacy. This integrated strategy provides a feasible approach for theranostic applications in breast cancer.