bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025

Distributed control circuits across a brain-and-cord connectome.

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Bates Alexander Shakeel, Phelps Jasper S, Kim Minsu, Yang Helen H, Matsliah Arie, Ajabi Zaki, Perlman Eric, Delgado Kevin M, Osman Mohammed Abdal Monium, Salmon Christopher K, Gager Jay, Silverman Benjamin, Renauld Sophia, Collie Matthew F, Fan Jingxuan, Pacheco Diego A, Zhao Yunzhi, Patel Janki, Zhang Wenyi, Serratosa Capdevilla Laia, Roberts Ruairí J V, Munnelly Eva J, Griggs Nina, Langley Helen, Moya-Llamas Borja, Maloney Ryan T, Yu Szi-Chieh, Sterling Amy R, Sorek Marissa, Kruk Krzysztof, Serafetinidis Nikitas, Dhawan Serene, Stürner Tomke, Klemm Finja, Brooks Paul, Lesser Ellen, Jones Jessica M, Pierce-Lundgren Sara E, Lee Su-Yee, Luo Yichen, Cook Andrew P, McKim Theresa H, Kophs Emily C, Falt Tjalda, Negrón Morales Alexa M, Burke Austin, Hebditch James, Willie Kyle P, Willie Ryan, Popovych Sergiy, Kemnitz Nico, Ih Dodam, Lee Kisuk, Lu Ran, Halageri Akhilesh, Bae J Alexander, Jourdan Ben, Schwartzman Gregory, Demarest Damian D, Behnke Emily, Bland Doug, Kristiansen Anne, Skelton Jaime, Stocks Tom, Garner Dustin, Salman Farzaan, Daly Kevin C, Hernandez Anthony, Kumar Sandeep, BANC-FlyWire Consortium, Dorkenwald Sven, Collman Forrest, Suver Marie P, Fenk Lisa M, Pankratz Michael J, Jefferis Gregory S X E, Eichler Katharina, Seeds Andrew M, Hampel Stefanie, Agrawal Sweta, Zandawala Meet, Macrina Thomas, Adjavon Diane-Yayra, Funke Jan, Tuthill John C, Azevedo Anthony, Seung H Sebastian, de Bivort Benjamin L, Murthy Mala, Drugowitsch Jan, Wilson Rachel I, Lee Wei-Chung Allen

Аннотация

Just as genomes revolutionized molecular genetics, connectomes (maps of neurons and synapses) are transforming neuroscience. To date, the only species with complete connectomes are worms1-3 and sea squirts4 (103-104 synapses). By contrast, the fruit fly is more complex (108 synaptic connections), with a brain that supports learning and spatial memory5,6 and an intricate ventral nerve cord analogous to the vertebrate spinal cord7-11. Here we report the first adult fly connectome that unites the brain and ventral nerve cord, and we leverage this resource to investigate principles of neural control. We show that effector cells (motor neurons, endocrine cells and efferent neurons targeting the viscera) are primarily influenced by local sensory cells in the same body part, forming local feedback loops. These local loops are linked by long-range circuits involving ascending and descending neurons organized into behavior-centric modules. Single ascending and descending neurons are often positioned to influence the voluntary movements of multiple body parts, together with endocrine cells or visceral organs that support those movements. Brain regions involved in learning and navigation supervise these circuits. These results reveal an architecture that is distributed, parallelized and embodied (tightly connected to effectors), reminiscent of distributed control architectures in engineered systems12,13.

Distributed control circuits across a brain-and-cord connectome.

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Аннотация