Long-term pinealectomy alters hypothalamic serotonin metabolism in the rat.

In the present study, the effects of long-term pinealectomy on tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT or serotonin), 5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and tryptophan hydroxylase and monoamine oxidase activities were studied in preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus (POA-AH) and in the medial and posterior hypothalamus of the rat. After pinealectomy, 5-HT levels decreased significantly in medial hypothalamus but increased in the POA-AH. The levels of 5-HIAA decreased significantly in the POA-AH and medial hypothalamus. Tryptophan levels remained unchanged while tryptophan hydroxylase activity diminished significantly in POA-AH and medial hypothalamus. Monoamine oxidase activity remained unchanged in the hypothalamic regions. These results suggest that pinealectomy induces differential inhibitory actions on the serotoninergic terminal regions, mainly in anterior and medial hypothalamic areas.