BMJ open · 2026
Prevalence and clinical correlates of metabolic syndrome among women with polycystic ovary syndrome in Western Algeria: a cross-sectional study.
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Messaoud Amira, Zeggai Soumia, Zemri Khalida, Belkacem Anfal, Ouali Siheme, Harir Noria, Zahzeh Meriem Rabia, Drici Amine El-Mokhtar, Hadj Slimene Chahinez, Senoussaoui Feryel, Benmessaoud Amina, Elmezouar Wassila Nesrine
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and metabolic, hormonal and clinical characteristics of metabolic syndrome among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in the Oran region (western Algeria).
DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.
SETTING: Outpatient endocrinology and gynaecology services in the Oran region, western Algeria.
PARTICIPANTS: A total of 313 women aged 16-45 years diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam 2004 criteria.
MAIN OUTCOMES: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and differences in anthropometric (body mass index (BMI)), metabolic (fasting glucose and lipid profile), hormonal (gonadotropins, androgens, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), progesterone, vitamin D) and clinical features (hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularity, infertility) between women with and without metabolic syndrome.
RESULTS: Of the 313 participants, 181 (57.9%) met the criteria for metabolic syndrome. These women had significantly higher BMI (26.70±5.93 vs 25.06±6.47 kg/m²; p=0.004), elevated fasting glucose (133.43±28.52 vs 105.41±28.54 mg/dL; p<0.0001) and triglycerides (p<0.0001), but lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-C (p<0.0001). They also exhibited elevated luteinising hormone (LH), LH/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio, total testosterone and AMH levels, and reduced progesterone and vitamin D concentrations (all p<0.0001). Clinical hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularity and secondary infertility were significantly more prevalent in this group.
CONCLUSION: More than half of women with PCOS exhibited metabolic syndrome, characterised by obesity, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance and vitamin D deficiency. These findings highlight the need for early metabolic screening and holistic management in women with PCOS to reduce long-term cardiovascular and reproductive risks.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.
SETTING: Outpatient endocrinology and gynaecology services in the Oran region, western Algeria.
PARTICIPANTS: A total of 313 women aged 16-45 years diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam 2004 criteria.
MAIN OUTCOMES: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and differences in anthropometric (body mass index (BMI)), metabolic (fasting glucose and lipid profile), hormonal (gonadotropins, androgens, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), progesterone, vitamin D) and clinical features (hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularity, infertility) between women with and without metabolic syndrome.
RESULTS: Of the 313 participants, 181 (57.9%) met the criteria for metabolic syndrome. These women had significantly higher BMI (26.70±5.93 vs 25.06±6.47 kg/m²; p=0.004), elevated fasting glucose (133.43±28.52 vs 105.41±28.54 mg/dL; p<0.0001) and triglycerides (p<0.0001), but lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-C (p<0.0001). They also exhibited elevated luteinising hormone (LH), LH/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio, total testosterone and AMH levels, and reduced progesterone and vitamin D concentrations (all p<0.0001). Clinical hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularity and secondary infertility were significantly more prevalent in this group.
CONCLUSION: More than half of women with PCOS exhibited metabolic syndrome, characterised by obesity, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance and vitamin D deficiency. These findings highlight the need for early metabolic screening and holistic management in women with PCOS to reduce long-term cardiovascular and reproductive risks.