Epidemiologic and Histopathologic Characterization of Cutaneous Metastases in Patients Who Visited 2 Hospitals in Santiago de Chile Between 2005 and 2017.

BACKGROUND AND

OBJECTIVE

Cutaneous metastases (CMs) account for 2% of skin tumors and their incidence varies between 0.7% and 9% in patients with cancer. The objective of this study was to describe and analyze the demographic, clinical, and histopathologic characteristics of CM in patients who visited 2 hospitals in the Santiago de Chile metropolitan region.

MATERIAL AND METHOD: We performed a retrospective, descriptive, analytical, observational, cross-sectional study. We reviewed the pathology reports, patient records, pathology slides, and dates of death for diagnosed cases of CM from the anatomic pathology departments of 2 hospitals in the Santiago de Chile metropolitan region between 2015 and 2017.

RESULTS

Ninety-six patients with CM were included in the study; 60.42% were women and 39.58% were men. The mean (SD) age was 67.95 (13.74) years, with a range of 28 to 96 years. The most common primary tumor was melanoma in 27.08% of cases (n=26), followed by breast cancer (18.75%, n=18), and adenocarcinoma (15.63%, n=15). The median time between diagnosis of the tumor and cutaneous metastasis was 9 months. Patients with CM of melanoma had a higher survival rate than patients with metastasis of other primary tumors (P<.05). A histopathologic study of 91 slides showed that diffuse infiltration of the tissue with tumor cells was the most common pattern and vascular invasion was rare.

CONCLUSIONS

The results are similar to those found worldwide. CM is a rare manifestation of internal tumors. It presents mainly at an advanced age and is equally prevalent in both sexes.