Exploring Recent Advances in Colon-targeted Drug Delivery Systems: from Traditional Methods to Advanced Technologies.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review examines various colon-targeted drug delivery systems (CTDDS) and their implications for the treatment of colonic disorders.

RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies have demonstrated substantial advancements in CTDDS by the development of pH-dependent, enzyme-responsive, and time-controlled formulations designed for enhancing site-specific delivery and reducing systemic adverse effects. Advanced methodologies, such as ligand or receptor-mediated targeting and multifunctional systems that incorporate various triggering mechanisms, are demonstrating encouraging outcomes in improving therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, innovative methods like pressure, osmotic-controlled systems, and 3D printing technologies are also being explored for their ability to ensure precise drug release in the colonic region. CTDDS enables localized, controlled therapy, which has the potential to enhance colonic disease outcomes. Integrating the knowledge of the colon's physiology with new delivery technologies may help future research and facilitate the development of more effective treatments.