Ocular surface epithelial thickness evaluation with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

PURPOSE: To use in vivo spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to measure corneal, limbal, and bulbar conjunctival epithelial thickness.

METHODS

A total of 156 eyes of 79 subjects were enrolled in four groups: young control (YC group), < 40 years; middle-aged control (MAC group), > 40 years; patients with dry eye syndrome (KCS group); and patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension treated with intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering medication (G group). The central corneal epithelium (CE) thickness, and the limbal (LE) and bulbar conjunctival epithelium (BCE) thickness in four quadrants were measured using SD-OCT.

RESULTS

The mean thicknesses of the CE, LE, and BCE of the YC group were 48.3 ± 2.9 μm, 83.0 ± 14.3 μm, and 42.0 ± 7.5 μm, and for the MAC group were 48.8 ± 3.0 μm, 84.3 ± 10.1 μm, and 42.2 ± 7.9 μm, respectively. The ocular surface epithelial thickness was not significantly different between the YC and MAC groups. CE thicknesses were not significantly different between the KCS, G, and control groups. The mean LE thicknesses were significantly lower in the KCS and G groups compared with the MAC group. The mean BCE was significantly thicker in the KCS and G groups compared with the MAC group.

CONCLUSIONS

Anterior segment SD-OCT can provide a noninvasive evaluation of ocular surface epithelial thickness. LE and BCE thickness was modified in dry eye patients and patients using IOP-lowering eye drops, whereas aging seemed to have no effect.