Assessment of reproductive and fertility effects of amitraz pesticide in male mice.

Forty adult male Swiss mice were exposed to tap water containing 0, 40, 80, or 160 ppm amitraz for 12 weeks. Based on fluid consumption the mice received an average of 0, 5.42+/-0.47, 10.56+/-0.97, and 20.39+/-2.17 mg/kg/day amitraz, respectively. The average body weights gains and fluid consumption were significantly decreased in males exposed to amitraz pesticide. Fertility was significantly reduced in male mice ingesting 10.56+/-0.97 or 20.39+/-2.17 mg/kg/day amitraz in that the number of females impregnated by them was significantly reduced. The number of viable fetuses was significantly reduced in females mated with males that ingested 10.56+/-0.97 or 20.39+/-2.17 mg/kg/day amitraz. A significant increase in the total number of resorptions and the number of females with resorptions was observed in females impregnated with the exposed males. Absolute testis weight was significantly decreased at 10.56+/-0.97 mg/kg concentration. The weight of the epididymis was decreased in test males ingested 20.39+/-2.17 mg/kg amitraz. The seminal vesicles weights were significantly increased in male mice ingested 10.56+/-0.97 or 20.39+/-2.17 mg/kg/day amitraz. Similarly, the preputial gland weights were increased in males that ingested 5.42+/-0.47 or 10.56+/-0.97 mg/kg and decreased in males ingested 20.39+/-2.17 mg/kg amitraz. Testicular sperm counts and daily sperm production were significantly decreased in males that ingested 10.56+/-0.97 or 20.39+/-2.17 mg/kg/day amitraz. Epididymal sperm counts were significantly decreased in exposed male's at 10.56+/-0.97 or 20.39+/-2.17 mg/kg amitraz. These results strongly suggest that exposure to amitraz pesticide have an adverse effect on the fertility and reproductive system of male mice.