Identifying myosin heavy chain 11 as a predictive biomarker of prostate cancer progression and antiandrogen resistance.

Prostate cancer (PCa) poses a serious threat to the health of older men, with incidence rates steadily increasing worldwide. Antiandrogen drugs can effectively prolong survival in patients with PCa; however, resistance often develops after prolonged treatment and the mechanisms underlying this resistance remain to be elucidated. In the present study, genes that may serve key roles in antiandrogen drug resistance in PCa were investigated. Using the GSE211781 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, the present study analyzed RNA-sequencing data from lymph node carcinoma of the prostate (LNCaP) cell lines resistant to three antiandrogen drugs: Bicalutamide, enzalutamide and apalutamide. The present study identified 54 differentially expressed genes common to all three resistant lines, of which nine hub genes were confirmed using protein-protein interaction network analysis. Among these, myosin heavy chain 11 (MYH11) emerged as a key gene associated with both PCa progression and patient prognosis. Functional assays in C4-2 and LNCaP cells further indicated that MYH11 modulates sensitivity to bicalutamide and enzalutamide. Collectively, the present study findings suggest that MYH11 may serve as a potential predictive biomarker of PCa development and antiandrogen drug resistance in the future.