Clinical Experience with Urethral Reconstruction Using Tissue-engineered Oral Mucosa: A Quiet Revolution.

Finalising the use of tissue-engineered materials for urethral reconstruction still represents a difficult challenge. We must not deceive patients into thinking that this "quiet revolution" in urethral reconstruction will be available soon for all urethral conditions (congenital or acquired, simple vs complex) requiring surgery. This research and its clinical application require a prospective, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, and placebo-controlled/comparative phase 3 study for a large series of patients, and we are still far from this step.