Transcaval ureter: a rare embryological anomaly causing obstructive uropathy.

A 21-year-old woman presented with a longstanding history of episodic right flank pain related to fluid consumption and recurrent urinary tract infections. On examination, there was right costovertebral angle tenderness. Renal tract ultrasound demonstrated hydronephrosis and CT urography confirmed transcaval ureter. The patient's clinical presentation was likely due to obstruction associated with the right ureter passing through the opening created by the duplicated segment of the inferior vena cava. While asymptomatic transcaval ureter can be managed conservatively, severe symptoms or complications of ureteric obstruction may require surgical treatment. In this case, treatment comprised a laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy with an end-to-end anastomosis between the proximal and distal sections of the right ureter. The patient's postoperative recovery was uneventful and she reported resolution of the flank pain during the one year of follow-up.