Introduction to methods for collecting human gametes in assisted reproduction.

The first objective of IVF is the collection of oocytes and spermatozoa. This article reviews the methods of choice for each sex. Collecting oocytes involves laparoscopic puncture and ultrasonographic puncture via transabdominal/transvesical and periurethral/transvesical, transvaginal methods. Male gametes are collected by masturbation, or by aspirating spermatozoa from the epididymis or from the testicle. Sperm collections can be taken from patients with disorders of ejaculation. A brief review of each approach is presented, with a critical analysis of each method.