The distribution of noradrenergic nerves in the human lower urinary tract.

Noradrenergic nerves have been demonstrated amongst the ganglion cells of the vesical plexus and of the bladder. Trigonal smooth muscle receives a supply of noradrenergic fibres although similar nerves are rarely observed in relation to the smooth muscle of the detrusor. In the male numerous noradrenergic nerves occur in the walls of the bladder neck, prostate, seminal vesicles and vas deferens; nerves of this type are scarce in the smooth muscle coat of the female bladder neck and urethra. The striated muscle of the rhabdosphincter in both sexes receives a scant (but significant) supply of noradrenergic nerve fibres.