Low uptake of Pap smear testing among medical clinic attendees in a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka.

INTRODUCTION

The Papanicolaou (Pap) smear test is a safe and effective screening test for pre-invasive cervical cancer. The test is offered free of charge through well-woman clinics in Sri Lanka, but previous studies have shown poor awareness and uptake.

METHODS

We used an interviewer administered validated questionnaire to conduct a cross sectional survey among ever-married women between the ages of 25 and 65 years attending a medical clinic at the National Hospital of Sri Lanka. We obtained data on socio-demographic characteristics, awareness/knowledge and uptake status of Pap smear testing.

RESULTS

A total of 188/280 eligible women were interviewed (67.1%). Participant ages ranged from 29-65 years. Awareness about Pap smear testing was found in 111 (59.0%) women of whom 41 (36.9%) did not know that the Pap smear was used to detect pre-cancerous lesions. Only 34 (18.1%) subjects had ever had a Pap smear taken. Univariate associations related to Pap smear uptake were: prior awareness of the test (p<0.001), higher parity (p=0.022), and knowing someone with cervical carcinoma (p<0.001). Multivariate regression analysis confirmed the same as independent associations of test uptake (p<0.001, p=0.012, p=0.013 respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Knowledge regarding Pap smear testing was poor. Pap smear uptake was very low, and did not parallel prior knowledge, although knowledge did influence uptake. Parity and contact with patients with cervical cancer correlated with uptake. There is an urgent need to increase uptake through a multi-pronged campaign.