Human metapneumovirus infection is associated with a substantial morbidity and mortality burden in adult inpatients.
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Philippot Quentin, Rammaert Blandine, Dauriat Gaëlle, Daubin Cédric, Schlemmer Frédéric, Costantini Adrien, Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Yacine, Neuville Mathilde, Desrochettes Emmanuelle, Ferré Alexis, Contentin Laetitia Bodet, Lescure François-Xavier, Megarbane Bruno, Belle Antoine, Dellamonica Jean, Jaffuel Sylvain, Meynard Jean-Luc, Messika Jonathan, Lau Nicolas, Terzi Nicolas, Runge Isabelle, Sanchez Olivier, Zuber Benjamin, Guerot Emmanuel, Rouze Anahita, Pavese Patricia, Bénézit François, Quenot Jean-Pierre, Souloy Xavier, Fanton Anne Lyse, Boutoille David, Bunel Vincent, Vabret Astrid, Gaillat Jacques, Bergeron Anne, Lapidus Nathanaël, Fartoukh Muriel, Voiriot Guillaume
Аннотация
METHODS: Consecutive adult patients admitted to one of the 31 participating centers with an acute lower respiratory tract infection and a respiratory multiplex PCR positive for hMPV were included. A primary composite end point of complicated course (hospital death and/or the need for invasive mechanical ventilation) was used.
RESULTS: Between March 2018 and May 2019, 208 patients were included. The median age was 74 [62-84] years. Ninety-seven (47 %) patients were men, 187 (90 %) had at least one coexisting illness, and 67 (31 %) were immunocompromised. Median time between first symptoms and hospital admission was 3 [2-7] days. The two most frequent symptoms were dyspnea (86 %) and cough (85 %). The three most frequent clinical diagnoses were pneumonia (42 %), acute bronchitis (20 %) and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (16 %). Among the 52 (25 %) patients who had a lung CT-scan, the most frequent abnormality was ground glass opacity (41 %). While over four-fifths of patients (81 %) received empirical antibiotic therapy, a bacterial coinfection was diagnosed in 61 (29 %) patients. Mixed flora (16 %) and enterobacteria (5 %) were the predominant documentations. The composite criterion of complicated course was assessable in 202 (97 %) patients, and present in 37 (18 %) of them. In the subpopulation of pneumonia patients (42 %), we observed a more complicated course in those with a bacterial coinfection (8/24, 33 %) as compared to those without (5/60, 8 %) (p = 0.02). Sixty (29 %) patients were admitted to the intensive care unit. Among them, 23 (38 %) patients required invasive mechanical ventilation. In multivariable analysis, tachycardia and alteration of consciousness were identified as risk factors for complicated course.
CONCLUSION: hMPV-associated lower respiratory tract infections in adult inpatients mostly involved elderly people with pre-existing conditions. Bacterial coinfection was present in nearly 30 % of the patients. The need for mechanical ventilation and/or the hospital death were observed in almost 20 % of the patients.