[Prophylaxis and screening of precancer and cancer of the uterine cervix in the XXI century].

At the beginning of the XXI century a tendency of promotion of new methods aimed at modernization and optimization of cervical cancer screening is outlined. In the present review the diagnostic confidence of the cytological method as well as the new technologies (thin prep technique, automated screening, HPV typization, genetic markers and other modern digital visualization methods) is discussed. Each of these methods has its own priorities and disadvantages and the aim of future investigations should be to choose the most appropriate screening scheme, in order to improve the control of this disease.