The mechanism of myometrial contractions induced by endothelin-1 in rat.

Experiments were performed to characterize endothelin-1-induced contractions and the role of endothelin (ET) receptor subtypes in rat myometrium. The binding sites of [(125)I]-ET-1 were saturable with high affinity. Scatchard plot analysis revealed that ET-1 binding sites in the myometrium constituted a single population. The dissociation equilibrium constant (Kd) and the maximum binding sites (Bmax) were determined to be 48.9+/-3.0 pM and 1364.0+/-210.3 fmol/mg protein respectively. Specific [(125)I]-ET-1 binding was inhibited completely by unlabelled ET-1 and Ro 46-2005 (mixed-type ET receptor antagonist), but not fully (90.7+/-1.4%) by BQ 123 (a selective ETA receptor antagonist), and not at all by RES 701-1 (a selective ETB receptor antagonist). ET-1 induced myometrial contractions were composed of two types, an increase in resting tone and rhythmic contractions. These contractions were inhibited by BQ 123 and Ro 46-2005, but not by RES 701-1. ET-1-induced contractions were greatly reduced in Ca2+-free Krebs' solution. Nifedipine abolished the rhythmic contractions without affecting the increase in resting tone. These results suggest that ETA receptors are predominantly localized in rat myometrium and that excitation of ETA receptors evokes two types of contractions by increasing the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration.